What formula is used to determine the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle system?

The formula used to determine the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle system is based on the relationship between the effort distance and the load distance. In this scenario, the effort distance refers to the radius of the wheel, while the load distance corresponds to the radius of the axle.

Mechanical advantage is computed by taking the radius of the wheel (where the effort is applied) and dividing it by the radius of the axle (where the load is applied). This reflects how much easier the system makes it to lift or move a load compared to applying force directly. By applying a force on the larger radius of the wheel, one can move a heavier load located on the smaller radius of the axle. Therefore, understanding this ratio helps to visualize the benefit provided by the wheel and axle system, indicating how much the force is amplified by that configuration.

This understanding is fundamental in mechanics, as it showcases the effectiveness of simple machines in reducing the effort required to perform work. Thus, the correct choice accurately describes the relationship that defines mechanical advantage in this context.